Thulium vs CO₂ Laser: Choosing the Right Resurfacing Technology
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Pure Tone Journal · Fractional Laser Technology
Thulium vs CO₂ Laser - Choosing the Right Resurfacing Technology
Thulium and CO₂ are often compared because both have established roles in professional skin rejuvenation. But they are not two versions of the same treatment.
A 1927nm Thulium laser is particularly useful for more superficial fractional skin renewal, while a 10,600nm CO₂ laser can deliver ablative resurfacing for selected scars, wrinkles and more significant texture concerns.
Understanding the difference helps clinics choose appropriate treatments, explain recovery to patients and decide where each technology fits within their treatment menu.
Quick Answer: What Is the Difference Between Thulium and CO₂?
1927nm Thulium is a non-ablative fractional laser wavelength commonly used for selected pigmentation, uneven tone and superficial skin renewal.
10,600nm CO₂ is an ablative laser capable of removing microscopic areas of tissue. It can provide more intensive resurfacing for selected scars, wrinkles and significant textural concerns.
CO₂ generally involves more visible recovery, particularly at higher treatment intensities. However, neither technology is universally better: the appropriate choice depends on the patient's concern, skin phototype and treatment objectives.
Both laser wavelengths target water within tissue and can be delivered fractionally, treating microscopic areas while leaving surrounding tissue untreated.
The key distinction is how the energy interacts with the skin. Conventional 1927nm fractional Thulium treatment creates controlled thermal zones without the deliberate tissue ablation characteristic of fractional CO₂ resurfacing.
This affects the available treatment techniques, the healing response and the type of patient likely to benefit.
Side by side
1927nm Thulium vs 10,600nm CO₂
The most useful comparison concerns tissue interaction, clinical application and recovery rather than simply which machine is more powerful.
| Feature | 1927nm Thulium | 10,600nm CO₂ |
|---|---|---|
| Laser category | Non-ablative fractional treatment | Ablative fractional resurfacing |
| Principal tissue effect | Controlled microscopic thermal treatment zones | Microscopic tissue ablation with an associated thermal effect |
| Typical treatment emphasis | More superficial skin renewal | More intensive resurfacing and remodelling |
| Common clinical applications | Selected superficial pigmentation, uneven tone, sun-related changes, visible pores and skin quality | Selected acne scars, deeper wrinkles, significant texture changes and ablative resurfacing |
| Recovery | Often more manageable, but redness, swelling, dryness and flaking may occur | Generally more substantial visible healing, especially with intensive settings |
| Patient considerations | Useful when lower downtime is important and the concern is appropriate | Useful when more intensive correction is justified and recovery is acceptable |
| Pigmentation risk | PIH and other pigmentary changes remain possible | Pigmentary complications are an important consideration, particularly with intensive treatment |
| Clinic role | Surface-focused fractional rejuvenation | Advanced ablative resurfacing and precision CO₂ applications |
← Swipe sideways to view the full comparison →
1927nm non-ablative fractional treatment
Where Thulium Makes Sense
1927nm Thulium provides a distinct treatment option for patients whose priorities are superficial skin quality and selected pigmentation concerns.
Pigmentation & Tone
Suitable patients may benefit from treatment of superficial sun-related pigmentation, uneven tone and overall skin clarity.
Not every pigmentation condition is appropriate for laser treatment, and melasma requires particular care.
Skin Quality & Texture
Fractional treatment may support improvement in superficial texture, visible pores, fine lines and overall skin appearance.
The selected settings affect both the skin response and the recovery required.
Thulium's generally more manageable recovery profile can make it an appealing option for patients who do not want the healing period associated with intensive ablative resurfacing.
That does not make it a replacement for CO₂. Its value comes from addressing the appropriate concerns using a different treatment approach.
10,600nm ablative laser technology
Where CO₂ Earns Its Place
CO₂ resurfacing becomes particularly relevant when a more intensive treatment approach is needed.
Fractional CO₂ delivers energy into microscopic columns of tissue, producing controlled ablation and an associated thermal response. This provides an established treatment approach for selected acne scars, wrinkles and more significant skin texture changes.
The treatment can require greater preparation, more involved aftercare and a longer visible recovery period than non-ablative fractional treatment.
For the right patient, that recovery may be a reasonable part of pursuing a more intensive resurfacing outcome.
Pure Tone's Hestia S-CO₂ combines fractional resurfacing with precision operating modes and optional specialist functionality. Those capabilities should be considered in relation to the clinic's practitioner expertise and services.
Recovery matters
Thulium vs CO₂ Downtime: What Should Patients Expect?
Neither laser has a fixed recovery period that applies to every patient. The response depends on treatment settings, skin phototype, treatment area and individual healing.
Following 1927nm Thulium, temporary redness, warmth, swelling, dryness, bronzing or fine flaking may occur.
Fractional CO₂ generally involves a more significant visible healing response. Depending on the treatment, patients may experience redness, swelling, crusting, peeling and ongoing sensitivity during recovery.
A clinic should explain the expected recovery for the specific procedure rather than using blanket promises such as “no downtime”.
Patient Expectations Are Part of Treatment Selection
A patient seeking gradual improvement in skin tone may prefer a treatment with less disruption to work and social commitments.
Someone with more significant scarring may prioritise corrective resurfacing even if the expected recovery is longer.
For more information about the patient experience, read our Thulium Laser Treatment Guide .
During treatment
How Does the Treatment Experience Differ?
1927nm Thulium treatment may produce warmth, heat or prickling as energy is delivered to the skin. Comfort varies according to the protocol and individual sensitivity.
Ablative CO₂ resurfacing typically requires more substantial comfort and recovery planning, because the procedure removes microscopic areas of tissue.
Both should be delivered by appropriately trained practitioners following machine-specific protocols and a thorough assessment.
Skin phototype and pigmentation
Patient Suitability Matters With Both Technologies
Skin phototype, pigmentation history, recent sun exposure, treatment area and previous reactions are important considerations for both Thulium and CO₂.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a recognised risk after laser treatment. This can be especially important when treating patients with darker skin tones or a history of pigmentary changes.
Ablative resurfacing requires particular care where significant inflammation may increase pigmentary risk. However, non-ablative treatment is not automatically risk-free.
The correct decision depends on individual assessment, available evidence and the practitioner's experience.
A Note About Melasma
Melasma requires particular caution. Heat and inflammation can contribute to worsening pigmentation in susceptible patients.
Not every pigmentation condition is appropriate for either Thulium or CO₂ treatment. Accurate diagnosis and realistic expectations are essential.
A complementary fractional wavelength
Where 1550nm Erbium Glass Changes the Comparison
There is another treatment option between surface-focused renewal and intensive ablative resurfacing.
Pure Tone's Thulium Laser Pro Dual™ combines 1927nm Thulium with 1550nm Erbium Glass.
The 1550nm wavelength works deeper within the dermis and is particularly relevant to selected acne scars, fine lines, texture and collagen remodelling.
It remains a non-ablative fractional laser technology. It is not equivalent to CO₂ resurfacing and should not be expected to reproduce the same tissue effects.
For clinics seeing patients with mixed pigmentation and texture concerns, access to both 1927nm and 1550nm can provide valuable treatment flexibility.
Published clinical research
What Does Research Add to This Comparison?
Clinical literature helps explain the applications and limitations of fractional laser technology.
Published evidence concerning 1927nm Thulium and 1550nm Erbium Glass provides useful context when assessing alternatives to more intensive ablative resurfacing.
A 2022 publication by Friedman and colleagues in Dermatologic Surgery discussed best practices and treatment recommendations for non-ablative fractional 1550nm and 1927nm lasers.
In February 2026, Goldman and colleagues published a review examining 15 studies involving patients with Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI.
The review discussed selected indications including acne scarring, photoageing and pigmentation, while identifying risks of PIH and gaps in the available evidence.
These publications support the importance of patient selection, wavelength choice and treatment parameters. They do not establish that one laser category is universally preferable to another.
An Important Distinction
The studies referenced here were conducted using other laser systems, including Fraxel platforms.
They were not clinical trials of Pure Tone's Thulium Laser Pro Dual™, Thulium Laser Pro™ or Hestia S-CO₂.
Results from one device should not automatically be attributed to another machine.
Original publications:
Friedman et al. (2022) — Best Practices and Treatment Recommendations
Goldman et al. (2026) — Dual-Wavelength Fractional Lasers in Skin of Colour
We have also reviewed the newer research in detail: Thulium & Erbium Lasers in Skin of Colour — Clinical Evidence Review .
Before investing
Choose Around Your Clinic's Treatment Objectives
The right machine depends on the patients you treat and the role the technology will play.
If patient demand is predominantly around pigmentation, tone, brightness and lower-downtime skin renewal, 1927nm Thulium deserves consideration.
If the clinic wants to offer more intensive ablative resurfacing for selected acne scars, deeper wrinkles and significant texture changes, CO₂ may be more relevant.
If the clinic also wants deeper non-ablative fractional treatment, adding 1550nm Erbium Glass may be useful.
And if the clinic already owns one of these technologies, the question becomes what the additional system can contribute to its existing treatment pathways.
Questions Worth Asking
- Which concerns generate most consultations?
- What outcomes are patients realistically seeking?
- How much visible recovery can patients accept?
- Is superficial pigmentation or deeper scarring a greater priority?
- Would 1550nm Erbium Glass add useful capability?
- Is ablative resurfacing an important part of the planned menu?
- What technologies does the clinic already own?
- Are the practitioners appropriately qualified and trained?
- Can practical machine training take place at your clinic?
- What ongoing clinical and technical support is available?
- How are delivery, installation and servicing handled?
- What finance or patient-launch support is offered?
Complementary treatment pathways
Is There a Reason to Offer Both Thulium and CO₂?
Yes, where the clinic has sufficient demand and practitioner expertise to support both.
A patient seeking improvements in superficial pigmentation may be better suited to a Thulium treatment.
Another patient with more pronounced scarring may benefit from a different fractional approach, including ablative CO₂ when appropriate.
The advantage is not simply owning more equipment. It is having appropriate treatment options for different patient needs.
1927nm Thulium
Non-ablative fractional renewal for selected superficial pigmentation, tone and skin-quality concerns.
1550nm Erbium Glass
Deeper non-ablative fractional treatment for selected scarring, texture and collagen remodelling applications.
10,600nm CO₂
Ablative fractional resurfacing for selected scars, wrinkles and more intensive textural correction.
The Patient Pathway
Select the treatment according to the patient's concern, clinical suitability and recovery expectations.
Pure Tone professional laser technology
Explore the Platforms Behind the Comparison
Thulium Laser Pro™
A dedicated floor-standing 1927nm Thulium platform for superficial fractional skin renewal and selected pigmentation and texture concerns.
Thulium Laser Pro Dual™
Combines 1927nm Thulium with 1550nm Erbium Glass, adding deeper non-ablative fractional treatment capability.
Hestia S-CO₂
A 10,600nm CO₂ platform for fractional ablative resurfacing, with precision operating modes and optional specialist functionality.
Compare the Laser Range
Our wider professional laser buying guide explains the distinct roles of different laser technologies.
Technology · Training · Support
Specialist Laser Knowledge. Practical Training at Your Clinic.
Laser treatment requires an understanding of how different wavelengths interact with tissue, how to select patients and how treatment settings influence the clinical response.
We Travel to You
Pure Tone provides practical equipment training at the customer's own clinic.
Your practitioners can learn using the machine in the environment where treatments will take place.
Laser Science & Safety
Our training approach emphasises patient selection, wavelength choice, laser-tissue interaction, treatment parameters and safe machine operation.
Appropriate to Your Team
Practitioner experience and clinical backgrounds vary considerably. Training requirements can be discussed according to the system and the experience of your team.
Continued Support
Our service includes personal delivery and installation, alongside ongoing clinical and technical support.
Pure Tone currently offers CPD-approved nurse-led practical training as part of its professional equipment supply.
For advanced laser systems, our approach also recognises the value of specialist laser knowledge and training tailored to the practitioners involved. Any specific arrangements can be discussed before purchase.
We offer flexible finance options and, for qualifying clinics, our Concierge Patient Launch Programme is designed to generate up to 20 verified appointments within the first 60 days. We also limit clinic availability within individual areas.
From the Pure Tone Journal
Continue Exploring Fractional Laser Technology
Choosing a Thulium Laser Machine
Compare Mini, Pro and Dual platforms for different clinic needs.
Read the Buying Guide →Dual-Wavelength Thulium & Erbium Glass
Understand how 1927nm and 1550nm differ in clinical application.
Read the Technology Guide →Clinical Research in Skin of Colour
Explore the 2026 review of 15 clinical studies and its findings about treatment safety.
Read the Clinical Review →Professional CO₂ Laser Machines
Explore the role of advanced fractional CO₂ technology for clinic resurfacing.
Read the CO₂ Guide →Laser comparison
Thulium vs CO₂: Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between Thulium and CO₂ laser?
1927nm Thulium is a non-ablative fractional wavelength primarily used for more superficial skin renewal. 10,600nm CO₂ is ablative and can deliver more intensive resurfacing for selected scars, wrinkles and texture.
Is Thulium laser better than CO₂?
Neither is universally better. The appropriate choice depends on the skin concern, treatment objectives, patient suitability and recovery expectations.
Which laser is better for pigmentation?
1927nm Thulium can be relevant to selected superficial pigmentation and uneven tone. However, accurate diagnosis is essential, and some pigmentary conditions may be unsuitable for laser.
Which laser is better for acne scarring?
Deeper fractional treatment can be particularly relevant to selected acne scars. CO₂ offers ablative resurfacing, while 1550nm Erbium Glass offers a deeper non-ablative option. Selection depends on the scar type and patient.
Does CO₂ have more downtime than Thulium?
In general, intensive CO₂ fractional resurfacing involves more visible recovery than non-ablative 1927nm Thulium. However, actual downtime depends on settings and individual skin response.
Is Thulium a no-downtime treatment?
No downtime should not be guaranteed. Redness, swelling, dryness, bronzing and flaking may occur following treatment.
Can CO₂ be used on darker skin tones?
Treatment requires careful assessment because pigmentary complications may be more likely in some patients. Suitability should not be determined by a universal skin-tone claim.
How does 1550nm Erbium Glass compare?
1550nm Erbium Glass works deeper than 1927nm Thulium but remains non-ablative. It offers an additional treatment option for selected scarring, texture and fine lines.
Can a clinic benefit from owning both Thulium and CO₂?
Yes, where patient demand and practitioner expertise justify both technologies. They can serve different treatment objectives and recovery preferences.
How many treatments are required?
There is no fixed number for all patients. The course depends on the indication, treatment intensity, patient response and clinical protocol.
Does Pure Tone train practitioners at their clinic?
Yes. Pure Tone offers practical equipment training at the customer's own clinic. We travel to you and provide ongoing clinical and technical support.
Are the clinical studies based on Pure Tone machines?
No. The cited Thulium and Erbium Glass studies investigated other laser systems. They provide evidence about the wavelengths, not device-specific clinical results for Pure Tone equipment.
From the Pure Tone Journal
Different Technologies. Different Treatment Roles.
1927nm Thulium has an important role in superficial fractional renewal, particularly when tone, pigmentation and skin quality are the priorities.
10,600nm CO₂ offers more intensive ablative resurfacing for selected scars, wrinkles and textural concerns.
1550nm Erbium Glass adds another non-ablative fractional treatment option for deeper dermal applications.
The right treatment is the one suited to the individual patient, not simply the most intensive technology available.
Technology · Training · Support
Explore Professional Fractional Laser Technology
Discover Pure Tone's Thulium, Erbium Glass and CO₂ laser platforms, with practical training delivered at your clinic, personal installation and ongoing support.
Speak to our team about your treatment objectives, practitioner experience and available finance options.